While adults at average risk can begin screening at age 50, people with a family history of polyps or colorectal cancer may need to begin earlier and have colonoscopies more often.

In addition, people with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease should be examined regularly, beginning 8 to 10 years after their diagnosis.

And people with symptoms of colorectal cancer at any age should have them evaluated, preferably with colonoscopy.

Although red meat, heavy alcohol use, and smoking increase risk for colorectal cancer, there is no evidence that earlier screening is necessary for people who have these risk factors. Discuss them with your doctor.

See the C3 Patient Information Prevention section for more information about assessing risk and deciding on a personal screening program.